Formative Biofabrication of Tissue and Organ Constructs Using Magnetic, Acoustic and Magneto-Acoustic Levitational Bioassembly

سال انتشار: 1397
نوع سند: مقاله کنفرانسی
زبان: انگلیسی
مشاهده: 339

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شناسه ملی سند علمی:

NSCMRMED03_063

تاریخ نمایه سازی: 30 دی 1397

چکیده مقاله:

Background and Aim: Since demonstration levitation of frogs in thehigh magnetic field the magnetic levitational bio-assembly started toattract the growing interest of several research groups around the world.Magnetic as well as acoustic fields are working in this case as a temporaland removable support or some sort of scaffold which we suggested itto be called scaffield . The formative bio-fabrication is a new emergingresearch field based on using magnetic and acoustic fields. Our aim wasto advance formative bio-fabrication using scaffields.Methods: Chondrospheres bio-fabricated from chondrocytes have beenused for magnetic and acoustic levitational bio-assembly experiments.Custom-designed magnetic and acoustic devices have been employed.Experiments with high magnetic field have been performed in TheEuropean High Magnet Field Laboratory (HMFL) at Nijmegen, TheNetherland. The paramagnetic medium Gadolinium has been used in themagnetic levitation experiments. Mathematical modeling has been usedto design the shape of magnetic and acoustic fields. The viability of tissueconstructs was estimated using standard cytotoxicity tests. Levitationalbio-assembly registered with the camera. Results: Four groups of experiments have been performed, including (i)magnetic levitation in the low magnetic field, (ii) magnetic levitation in thehigh magnetic field, (iii) acoustic levitation and (iv) combined magnetoacousticlevitation at the low magnetic field. Chondrospheres have beenused for magnetic and acoustic levitation. It has been demonstratedthat in all four cases the employed physical fields both magnetic andacoustic fields were not toxic for living cells, tissue spheroids andresulted in tissue constructs. Reproducible magnetic and acousticlevitational bio-assembly of 3D tissue constructs from tissue spheroidshave been achieved. Moreover, in all experiments tissue spheroids in theconstruct manifested tissue fusion. Employment of high magnetic fieldallowed to reduce in 100 times concentration of paramagnetic mediaenabling magnetic levitation and containing relatively toxic Gadolinium.Combination of magnetic and acoustic fields allowed the first time toassemble from tissue spheroids the 3D tissue construct of more complexgeometry in the form of a ring.Conclusion: Our data demonstrate a principal feasibility of magnetic,acoustic and magneto-acoustic levitational bio-assembly of tissueengineered constructs from tissue spheroids. The bio-assembledconstructs were not only viable but also manifested tissue fusion process.It is logical to speculate that using formative bio-fabrication it will bepossible to very rapidly assemble tissue engineered tubes, branched tubesand, eventually, even the complex vascularized 3D tissue and organconstructs. Formative bio-fabrication is a very promising technology andopens new frontiers in bio-fabrication research.

نویسندگان

Vladimir Mironov

Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Sechenov Medical University, Moscow, Russia