Engineered Channels Throughout a Silk Cylindrical 3D-Porous Scaffold Enhance G292 Pre-Osteoblast Proliferation and Distribution in a Static Cell Culture

Background and Aim: Cell density and oxygen distribution in 3D-porousscaffolds are important issues for the creation of large engineeredconstructs, which can be used in large bone defects. We assumeddevelopment of channeled, 3D-porous scaffolds might enhance theuniformity of oxygen within 3D-porous scaffolds and increase celldensity through 3D-porous scaffold in a static culture. One of the criticalshortcomings for current tissue engineering approaches is to createdensely populated constructs. In this study, we aimed to employ silkcylindrical 3D-porous scaffolds with engineered channels to assess cellproliferation and oxygen distribution in a static culture.Methods: Silk cylindrical 3D-porous scaffolds (radius 1.1 cm, height 1cm) were used without channels and with 15 channels (1-millimeterdiameter each channel) throughout the 3D-porous scaffold in staticculture for cell culturing of G292 pre-osteoblast for 14 days. Cell viabilityon the 3D-porous scaffolds was determined using the Alamar-Blue assayafter 7, 14 days. The results of cell viability for scaffolds were normalizedcompared to day zero. The oxygen concentration of culture mediummeasured in center scaffolds using needle-type oxygen microsensorswith fixed sensor tip (NFSx; PreSens).Results: In a static cell culture, the cellular activity of cell/polymerconstructs increased from channeled to non-channeled scaffolds after 7days (4%, it was not significant) and after 14 days (34%, it was significant)(P < 0.05). The oxygen concentration of culture medium in centerscaffolds increased from channeled to non-channeled scaffolds after 3days (70%, it was significant) and after 7 days (133%, it was significant)(P < 0.05).Conclusion: Our data show that using channels in 3D-porous scaffoldsenhanced G292 pre-osteoblast cell proliferation and spatial distributionof cells within the scaffolds, which could significantly improve cellviability and distribution within the 3D-porous scaffold in the staticcell culture. We have shown the channeled scaffolds are a promisingapproach toward creating thick tissue-engineered constructs.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bone tissue engineering ، 3D-porous scaffold ، Channeled scaffold ، Oxygen transport ، Cell proliferation ، Static culture