STRATEGIES EMPLOYED FOR THE TRANSLATION OF CULTURE BOUND REFRENCES:A CASE STUDY OF THE PERSIAN TRANSLATION OF THE GREAT GATSBY

One common feature of translation studies and process of translation is an emphasis on cultural aspect of translation (Bassnett, 2002). Indeed, translation is an example of intercultural communication. In this process, translators are faced with two languages as well as two different cultures. In other words, translators should be familiar with the target culture which Newmark (1988) defines it as the way of life whose manifestation is peculiar to the community that uses a particular language as a means of expression. Among language items and elements, cultural words and expressions seems to be one of the most challenging concepts to be considered while translating because, according to Newmark (1988), they are intrinsically and uniquely bound to the culture and cultural traditions. Indeed, such items are important translation problems, especially when the cultural distance between the two languages is prominent. Finding good strategies for translation of such expressions may pose some challenges for the translators. They often use different strategies with higher or lower frequency based on the nature of the cultural words. In this study, the researcher, using Newmark’s (1988) categorization of cultural words and applying Pedersen’s (2005) ,model of translation strategies, have investigated the different strategies the translator use for rendering culture bound references into Persian. To this end, cultural words were identified and classified and different strategies used for translation of them were categorized in order to find the strategy which was mainly adopted by the translator. The results showed that the most pervasive and frequently used strategy applied in translating culture bound references was retention. Also the translator used SL oriented strategies more than TL ones. In fact, the story is replete with items which related to the American culture. Using retention strategy more than other strategies, the translator wanted to show more fidelity toward ST and at the same time he tried to render meaning components of culture bound references more accurate into Persian

کلیدواژه ها:

culture bound reference ، The Great Gatsby ، translation ، translation strategy