Fish Skin as an alternative biological wound dressing in the wound healing process, a review article

Introduction: The benefit of previous knowledge and recent studies is important in accelerating and improving the quality of difficult and chronic wounds. Biological coatings are one of the most effective solutions today. That s why tissue engineering specialists are always looking for safe and inexpensive biological coatings. Another solution is the allograft. Allografts are preferred as temporary coatings on the wound, but because of religious, cultural, and traditional beliefs and also the possibility of transmitting contagious diseases such as hard to heal viral diseases and prion diseases limiting the use of this type of biological material. On the other hand, they are very expensive to prepare and use. In recent years, the use of animal resources has been used as an alternative to the production of biological bandages called zoografting. In this method, the skin of many animals, including poultry, rats, pigeons, dogs, cats, frogs, calves, cows and pigs, has been studied as a biological cover in the process of wound healing. The use of animal skin has led to problems ranging from transmission of common human and animal diseases (zoonosis) such as FMD, avian and porcine influenza, endogenous porcine retrovirus, and bovine spongiform encephalopathy to elicit immunologic responses from the recipient. In addition, the use of aquatic resources as a temporary biological coating has been approved by several researchers worldwide.Purpose of study: The purpose of this study is to review the characteristics of fish skin in terms of structure, biodegradability, thermal, elastic and microbial resistance, protein and fatty acid content, as well as its biocompatibility for use in temporary biological dressing and its efficiency in human wound management.Method: This article is a review of scientific papers and case reports, collects, and integrates them.Conclusion: Fish skin is a rich source of amino acid and protein content, especially collagen type I, and is expected to increase keratinocyte differentiation and migration and accelerate the proliferation of epithelial cells. Due to the abundant presence of omega-3 fatty acids (eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid) in fish skin and their anti-inflammatory effect, reducing the process of inflammation in wound healing as well as reducing pain in the patient can help accelerate this process. Fish skin, because of its structural similarity to human skin and the limited immune responses to it and the antimicrobial activity in its amino acid contents, can be well used as biomass for wound healing in humans. On the other hand, since fish skin is a waste in the aquaculture industry, and because it is much easier and less costly to prepare it in bio-coatings, it can be economically feasible.

کلیدواژه ها:

Fish skin ، Xenograft ، Zoografting ، Wound Management ، Tilapia fish skin ، biological wound dressing ، biocoating ، tilapia fish skin xenograft