Muhamad Fuadi - Doctoral Program of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Jusak Nugraha - Department of Clinical Pathology , Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
I Gde Suryawan - Department of Cardiology and Vascular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Hartono Kahar - Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Aryati Aryati - Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Gwenny Prabowo - Department of Physiology and Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Budi Utomo - Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine Faculty of Medicine, Airlangga University, Surabaya
Reny I'tishom - Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Acute coronary syndrome is a manifestation of CVD. In Indonesia, limited studies have been conducted on genetics as a potential risk factor for acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Consequently, this study aimed to examine the effect of the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism on the incidence of ACS.METHODS: The study employed a case-control design. Outpatients from the cardiology and internal medicine clinics at the University of Airlangga (UNAIR) Hospital in Surabaya, Indonesia, constituted the study population. The case group comprised ۶۰ patients with a history of ACS, while the control group consisted of ۳۰ patients without a history of cardiovascular complaints. MTHFR A۱۲۹۸۰C gene polymorphism examination was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR RFLP) method at the Tropical Disease Center UNAIR Laboratory.RESULTS: Among the ACS group, ۲۹ (۴۸.۱%), ۱۳ (۲۱.۷%), and ۱۸ (۳۰%) of the individuals had AA, AC, and CC genotype patterns, respectively. In the control group, ۱۶ individuals had AA (۵۳.۳%), ۶ AC (۲۰%), and ۸ CC (۲۶.۷%). The C allele variant was identified in ۴۱% of the ACS group and ۳۷% of the control group. The odds ratio (OR) for the incidence of ACS was ۱.۱۹۵ (۹۵% confidence interval [CI]; ۰.۳۸۱-۳.۷۵۲), ۱.۲۴۱ (۹۵% CI; ۰.۴۸۱-۳.۴۸۶), and ۱.۲۲۲ (۹۵% CI; ۰.۳۸۱-۳.۷۵۲). Chi-square analysis revealed no association between MTHFR A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism and the incidence of ACS (p > ۰.۰۵).CONCLUSIONS: MTHFR A۱۲۹۸C gene polymorphism did not significantly affect ACS incidence.

Cardiovascular Disease, Risk Factors, Genetic, Polymerase chain reaction, Restriction fragment length polymorphism