Bashir Najafabadian - Department of Biomedical engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran, Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
Ahmad Najafabadian - Department of engineering and technology, Science and technology Dolatabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
Morteza Motaharinia - Young Researchers and Elite Club, Khomeinishahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr, Iran
Mahsa Tahmasebi Ghorabi - Department of Biomedical engineering, Najafabad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Najafabad, Iran,

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation (TES) can be used to artificially activate nerve and muscle fibers by applying electrical current pulses between electrodes placed on the skin surface. In this study we implemented a lumped parameter electrical circuit and a distributed parameter volume conductor model to quantify the distribution of potentials in the tissue, including frequency-dependent dielectric properties, during transcutaneous electrical stimulation with a very high frequency sinusoidal carrier and rectangular envelope pulse. The results suggest that incorporating high frequency components in voltage-controlled transcutaneous stimulation may make it possible to reach deeper structures in the tissue, such as nerves.

Transcutaneous electrical stimulation, high frequency, volume conductor model, lumped parameter electrical circuit