بررسی و نقد مبانی انسان شناختی علوم اجتماعی پرسپکتیویستی

The main question of this article is where to look for the roots of non-realism and relativism of Perspectivism within the social sciences. Because just as it shows by the history of social sciences, these sciences are children of the enlightenment era which in conclusion it was expected to be according with the principles and beliefs of the enlightenment such as rationalism and the possibility of understanding. In addition to various determinative factors which played a part in leading the social sciences towards relativism after the mid ۲۰th century, the basis of Perspectivism which was manifested in Hermeneutics, Existentialism, Sociology of Knowledge and … should not be overlooked. The Perspectivism views generally speaking despite of their previous common views which used to think human is a being with special characteristics such as rationality which is the characteristic of every human being, thinks that human is a vague being and depended on specific cultural social, historical circumstance or situation that has no similarity with other people and in the most optimistic situation with other human communities. The Perspectivism criticizes the objectivity of knowledge within the social sciences because it considers dialog and discussion and judgment between view points and views impossible and neglects the common rationality. It is why it defends the view of non-realism in philosophy, social sciences and philosophy of religion and it is considered as a major threat against Realism within the humanities.The possibility of language in humans, practicality of teachings and the principle of Resemblance are decent reasons to express a common nature among humans in which accepting a common nature among humans will be the possibility of knowledge within the social science.

کلیدواژه ها:

نسبی گرایی ، انسان گرایی ، عقلانیت ، بین الاذهانیت ، سرشت مشترک بشر ، تاریخ مندی ، برساخت گرایی اجتماعی ، هرمنوتیک ، برهان همانندی ، برهان ترجمه