Pd@MWCNTs/GCE based voltammetric sensor for butachlor herbicide detection in soil samples

Butachlor is a herbicide that belongs to the acetanilide family. It is widely used as a granule-based post-emergence herbicide on rice in India. As a result of the ongoing usage of these synthetic substances, soil fertility and soil organisms are declining. Differential pulse voltammetry was used to determine butachlor herbicide in soil samples with a modified glassy carbon electrode voltammetric sensor with palladium-supported multiwalled carbon nanotubes (Pd@MWCNTs). Scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy were used to investigate the morphology of Pd@MWCNTs, while cyclic and differential pulse techniques were used to investigate the voltammetric properties. The butachlor herbicide under voltammetric investigation involves irreversible, two-electron reduction based on the protonation of the carbonyl group (>C=O). The voltammetric method was developed for the determination of butachlor in phosphate buffer solution at pH ۶.۰ as a supporting electrolyte. A good linear response to butachlor in the concentration ranging from ۰.۱۰ μg⸳mL−۱ to ۳۲.۰ μg⸳mL−۱ was observed, and a limit of detection of ۰.۰۴۴ μg⸳mL−۱ was obtained with the calculation based on signal/noise=۳. The suggested method was efficaciously applied for the detection of butachlor in soil samples. 

کلیدواژه ها:

Butachlor ، Palladium ، Voltammetry ، Reduction ، soil