Gilaneh, an improved rice cultivar with high grain quality through backcrossing

Newly introduced high-yielding rice varieties were not accepted by farmers, who preferred to use the common local varieties. The decline in acreage of newly introduced varieties has changed research priorities to match improved rice varieties with consumer preferences for rice breeding programs. The first generation and its parents, gene action, and combining ability of various traits were evaluated in ۲۰۰۵. Simultaneously with the cleaning of lines in each breeding population, three backcrosses (with abbreviations BC۴, BC۹ and BC۲۵) were selected from the ۳۸ original crosses and simulated with the returning parent with ۴ crosses. By testing the selected lines in ۲۰۱۲ in a preliminary yield trial, ۸ lines were selected. The multisite trial was conducted in the form of randomized complete block experiment with ۳ replications at three locations including Rasht, Abkenar and Chaparsar in two cropping years (۲۰۱۳-۲۰۱۴). The GGE biplot results showed that the first two components explained ۶۵% and ۲۷% of the data changes. The stability or two dimensional axis plot of average tester coordinates showed that BC۹, BC۲۵, RI۱۸۴۳۶-۴۶ and Saleh genotypes had high yield and high stability, BC۴ had high yield and medium stability. BC۴ was selected as superior genotype having medium stability and high grain yield (۵.۲۵ tons per hectare), suitable growing period (۱۱۲.۵ days), medium amylose content (۲۰.۵%) and optimum plant height (۱۰۷.۵ cm). Line BC۴ is considered one of the early and dwarf varieties and has the same cooking quality as local Iranian varieties. This new line was introduced in Iranian agriculture in ۲۰۱۶ under the name Gilaneh. The cultivated area of this variety increased from ۱۰ hectares in ۲۰۱۶ to ۲۰۲۹ hectares in ۲۰۱۹.

کلیدواژه ها:

Backcross ، Biplot ، Gilaneh cultivar ، Rice quality