A detailed study and knowledge on the preservation of the heritage of architectural historical works in the process of urban development and modern society

Cultural heritage is the heritage of tangible and intangible heritage assets of a group or society that is inherited from past generations. Not all heritages of past generations are "heritage"; rather, heritage is a product of selection by society. Cultural heritage includes tangible culture (such as buildings, monuments, landscapes, archive materials, books, works of art, and artifacts), intangible culture (such as folklore, traditions, language, and knowledge), and natural heritage (including culturally significant landscapes, and biodiversity). The term is often used in connection with issues relating to the protection of indigenous intellectual property. In very basic terms, historical and architectural preservation is associated with the act of restoring, conserving, and managing changes of a particular heritage. It is a process that ensures the significance of these structural icons and enables their sustainability so that the future generations that are to follow can benefit from their physical presence. It is also important to realize that if it were not for this practice of preserving the architectural heritage, most recorded history that enables us to learn about our past would not have been possible. Although the preservation of the rich architectural resources has enjoyed a long journey of controlled development over time, it is important to highlight that each region has its unique manner of carrying out this specific process. The techniques used to maintain these architectural hallmarks is another very important part of the process that ensures their longevity. However, this preservation process is extremely important because it gives the viewers an in-depth insight into the past and contributes towards recorded history. It is a conscious attempt by professionals to portray how the world was existing before us. Today, in the cities of Iran, the phenomenon of duality between historical-cultural identity and the increasing growth of social changes and urbanization has become a common issue. Establishing a link between cultural values and physical-spatial development of the city is one of the requirements of the sustainable development of a city that has not yet found its place in Iran. In terms of historical background, the country of Iran has a rich and abundant cultural heritage, and the preservation of these works is one of the basic cultural necessities of the country, because these works are an essential element in creating and preserving our national-cultural identity. The important issue is; It is the inclusion of the cultural heritage of architecture in urban development plans so that they can be integrated with the daily life of the general public as a source of development and identification. The results of the conducted research indicate the lack of effectiveness and effectiveness of the existing laws in the country regarding the protection of this ancient heritage and ignoring the rights of these works because in Iran the background of the laws and organizations related to cultural heritage is mainly based on the traditional approach that the attitude of the museum It has protection and stability to historical and cultural monuments. With the studies conducted regarding the problems of maintaining these works and the proposed solutions, a general and effective summary can be reached regarding the protection of these works. Suzhou is one of China’s model cities due to its economic development in recent decades. Although the city deserves recognition for its efforts in urban heritage conservation, the current preservation strategy only targets the ancient city and neglects the separation of the entire urban landscape. This has become a huge hidden problem in the process of Suzhou’s sustainable development. This study, based on this background, explores the development process of Suzhou and the problems in the current urban planning, and then proposes suggestions for optimization. The historic urban landscape approach provides a solution to this problem by analyzing the urban form and urban landscape features of Suzhou in three important historical periods: pre-۱۹۴۹, ۱۹۴۹–۱۹۷۸, and post-۱۹۷۸. This study discusses the development process of Suzhou and the problems in the current urban planning, and makes the following contributions: (۱) the dichotomy between modernity and tradition in the urban landscape of Suzhou is shown from a morphological perspective, revealing that this dichotomy is based on rapid urbanization and the one-sided pursuit of economic development, (۲) revisits the role of Suzhou traditional gardens in order to better integrate them as structural elements in urban planning, (۳) proposes the intangible value of urban heritage and combined with the historic urban landscape of looking beyond the notion of the “historic center” or “ensemble” to help all Suzhou residents form a more coherent place attachment and local identity.

کلیدواژه ها:

urban landscape features ، urban planning ، urban morphology ، place attachment ، sustainable development