Conventional Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Plasma Cell Myeloma and Their Prognostic Effect: A Single Center Experience in the Middle East

Background: Given the prognostic importance of cytogenetic aberrations in plasma cell neoplasms, the present retrospective study was conducted to analyze cytogenetic abnormalities in plasma cell myeloma cases in a single center in the Middle East. Method: In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we selected ۴۲ patients referred to the molecular and cytogenetic department from ۲۰۱۳ to ۲۰۱۶ for initial assessment by immunohistochemical, flow cytometric, and cytogenetic studies. Chromosomal analysis was performed after a ۷۲-hour unsynchronized culture and Giemsa banding; the result was reported according to ISCN ۲۰۱۶. Results: ۳۲.۵% of the patients showed an abnormal karyotype, of whom ۵۳.۸% were hyperdiploid and the rest were assigned to the non-hyperdiploid group. The gain of ۱q and monosomy ۱۳/ deletion ۱۳q were the most common structural abnormalities accounting for ۳۸.۴% and ۳۰.۷%, respectively. t(۱۱;۱۴) was the only detected ۱۴q۳۲ rearrangement observed in ۱۵.۴% of the cases. The mean survival time in normal, hyperdiploid, and non-hyperdiploid groups was ۲۹.۵±۱.۷, ۱۶.۶±۲.۹ and ۶.۱±۲.۱ months, respectively. Conclusion: Cytogenetic abnormalities of plasma cell myeloma in this center were relatively similar to previous reports in the literature; moreover, hyperdiploidy was the most common cytogenetic aberration. As no cryptic aberration could be identified, we recommend the use of more precise techniques such as FISH in addition to conventional G banding to detect cryptic aberrations. Survival of the non-hyperdiploid group was the worst.

کلیدواژه ها:

Multiple myeloma ، Cytogenetics ، Chromosomal aberrations