Effect of Geographical Location on Yield and Chemical Composition of Teucrium orientale L. Essential Oils Collected from Eleven Different Localities in Iran

Essential oils of the air-dried aerial parts of Teucrium orientale L. collected from ۱۱ different localities which obtained by hydro-distillation were investigated. The essential oils were analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. The oil yields were ۰.۰۳–۰.۲۰% (w/w), based on dry weight. Forty-four components, representing ۹۱.۰–۹۹.۵% of the oils, were identified. The results showed that there is a significant difference in yields, chemical compositions and concentrations of essential oils obtained from different geographical regions. However, there are main and common compounds such as caryophyllene oxide (۳.۷۲ to ۲۳.۶۰%), E-caryophyllene (۱.۰۳ to ۳۹.۳۶%), germacrene D (۰.۹۵ to ۲۹.۷%), spathulenol (۱.۹۸ to ۱۱.۱۱%), β-cubebene (۱.۳۱ to ۲۴.۶۴%), δ-cadinene (۱.۱۴ to ۴.۹۰%), hexadecanoic acid (۰.۴۷ to ۳۲.۶۰%), α-cubebene (۰.۵۳ to ۱۱.۳۷%) and hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (۰.۳۴ to ۱۰.۵۶%) that are found in all essential oils. According to the cluster analysis, the populations were placed in three clusters. Percentages of hexahydrofarnesyl acetone (۱۰.۶%) and humulene epoxide II (۶.۸%) were considerably higher in cluster ۱ compared to other clusters. Percentages α-cubebene, β-cubebene and hexadecanoic acid were considerably highest in cluster ۲ with means of ۷.۲%, ۱۱.۹% and ۲۰.۴% respectively. Populations of cluster ۳ were rich sources of E-caryophyllene (۲۹.۴%), germacrene D (۱۶.۱%) and bicyclogermacrene (۳.۴%) compared to other clusters.

کلیدواژه ها:

Antioxidant enzyme ، Nigella arvensis ، plant growth regulators ، Plant cell culture ، Total phenolic content