Evaluation of antidiabetic, antioxidant and antilipidemic potential of natural dietary product prepared from Cyphostemma digitatum in rats’ model of diabetes

Introduction: Cyphostemma digitatum has a high content of antioxidant constituents and has been employed by the traditional healers and local people of Yemen for diabetes treatment. However, scientific evidence regarding its antidiabetic efficacy is largely unknown. Accordingly, the present study aimed to confirm the treatment effects of a dietary natural product prepared from Cyphostemma digitatum (PCD) in diabetic rats.Methods: Diabetes was induced by a high-fat diet and streptozotocin (HF-STZ). PCD (۱ g/kg) was given by gavage administration once a day continuously for ۳۰ days. At the end of treatment, blood and skeletal muscle samples were collected for further analysis.Results: The antidiabetic effects of PCD were demonstrated by significant reduction (P ≤ ۰.۰۵) in the levels of serum glucose (۴۰%), triglyceride (۳۲%), cholesterol (۵۳%), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (۴۴%), malondialdehyde (MDA) (۶۱%) in PCD treated groups compared to the diabetic control group. Additionally, PCD treatment significantly (P ≤ ۰.۰۵) restored the decreased levels of insulin (۷۰%) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) (۵۷%) and reduced glutathione (GSH) (۵۴۴%) when compared to that of diabetic control rats. We found that treatment with PCD for ۳۰ days fully restored the plasmalemmal glucose transporter type ۴ (GLUT۴) contents, as well as the phosphorylation of phosphatidylinositol ۳-kinase (PI۳K) (P ≤ ۰.۰۵).Conclusion: Thus, PCD treatment can be considered a potential drug candidate for diabetes.