Determinants of COVID-۱۹ Preventive Behaviors among Women of Reproductive Age in Urmia using a Behavioral Change Model in ۲۰۲۱

Aims: The present study aimed to investigate the determinants of COVID-۱۹ preventive behaviors among women of reproductive age in Urmia using a behavioral change model. Instrument & Methods: The present descriptive-analytical study examined ۴۰۰ women selected by the snowball and convenience sampling method. Data were collected using a valid and reliable electronic researcher-made questionnaire consisting of four sections (demographic characteristics, knowledge, model constructs, and preventive behaviors) and analyzed by the descriptive and inferential statistical methods by SPSS ۱۶. Findings: There was a positive correlation between COVID-۱۹ preventive behaviors with self-efficacy (p<۰.۰۰۱, r=۰.۶۸), knowledge (r<۰.۲۶, p<۰.۰۰۱), cues to action (p<۰.۰۰۱, r=۰.۲۹), perceived benefits (p<۰.۰۰۱, r=۰.۴۳), perceived susceptibility (p=۰.۰۰۲, r=۰.۱۵), and  perceived severity (p<۰.۰۰۱, r=۰.۲۰), and a negative and significant correlation with perceived barriers (p<۰.۰۰۱, r=-۰.۳۲). The constructs of the health belief model predicted ۵۰% of the variance of preventive behaviors, and the self-efficacy construct (p<۰.۰۰۱, β=۰.۵۳۸۸) was the strongest predictor. Conclusion: Given the effective role of the research model in explaining the determinants of the COVID-۱۹ preventive behaviors, the health belief model (HBM) and effective constructs can be used in educational planning and interventions.

کلیدواژه ها:

Health Belief Model (HBM) ، COVID-۱۹ ، Preventive behavior ، Women ، Urmia