An update to the methods for early diagnosisand prevention of familial breast cancer

Introduction: The best way to prevent advanced stages andmortality due to breast cancer is early detection and control ofthe disease in its early stages. About ۷۰- ۸۰ percent of patientswith breast cancer have non-metastatic disease in the earlystages which is treatable. Therefore, an effective screening andprevention can significantly reduce the mortality and incidencerates of the disease.Materials and Methods:A systematic review was performedon all the published clinical and diagnostic studies on breastcancer from ۲۰۱۹ to ۲۰۲۳ to introduces the main subtypes ofbreast cancer and their effective preventive and diagnosticmethods.Results: The most economic and effective way to prevent highriskbreast cancer patients has been to increase the accuracyand care in performing periodic checks, including breast examinationby expert specialists and surgeons, mammographyor sonography. The use of chemotherapy drugs such as tamoxifen,raloxifene, and aromatase inhibitor combinations such asletrozole and anastrozole has been considered the second mosteffective way. This method is applicable in patients with positivehormone receptors, and has up to ۵۰% efficacy in preventingbreast cancer. Finally, mastectomy along with breast reconstructionand cosmetic prostheses has been considered. Interms of early molecular diagnosis of breast cancer, among themethods used, whole exome sequencing could be considered asa the golden method.Conclusion: This article provides an update on the early detectionand diagnosis of familial breast cancer and target patientswith the mentioned conditions affected families.

کلیدواژه ها:

Familial breast cancer ، Genetic tests ، Whole exome sequencing ، Molecular diagnosis