بررسی اثرات کود کالات آهن خضرا روی درختان پسته به صورت مصرف خاکی و محلولپاشی

Between of all microelements, plant required Iron more than the other microelements. Because of calcareous soil in pistachio plantation area of Iran and high Ece and pH of soils., iron absorption is more difficult and for this reason iron chloresis in pistachio plantation area of Iran is widespread . Iron chelate can solve the problems of Iran chloresis, however, the most iron chelate is expensive .Recently a new iron chelatre was formulate in Iran named "Khazra Iron Chelate". In order to find efficiency of this new iron chelate in pistachio performance, qualitative and quantitative traits of pistachio, this research was carried out in 2004 and 2005 on 30 years old pistachio trees on to Kaleh-ghouchi and Ouhadi cultivars. We applied different amounts of this chelate both to soil and as a foliar spray on Iranian pistachio cultivars in 5 different areas of pistachio production in Kerman Province. The treatment was included as T1: Adding 10 kg of Khazra Chelate in 30 cm of soil as deep placement in February, T2:Adding 20 kg of Khazra Chelate in 30 cm of soil as deep placement in February, T3: Adding 80 kg of Khazra Chelate in 30 cm of soil as deep placement in February, T4:Adding 20 kg of Khazra Chelate in 30 cm of soil as deep placement in February +0.1% concentration foliar spray in mid May, T5: 0.1% concentration Khazra Chelate foliar spray in mid May, T6: 0.05% concentration Khazra Chelate foliar spray in mid May, T7: 400 kg Ferro Sulfate as deep placement in 30 cm of soil in February and T8:Control. The results were compared with 400 kg of iron sulfate per hectare and a control (without any iron applied as fertilizer). Results indicated that 20 kg of Khazra chelate during the winter as a soil fertilizer in the fertilizer channel or a foliar spray of 1% concentration of the chelate two weeks after full bloom had positive effects on photosynthesis activity and chlorophyll content, leaf area, Fv/Fm, and iron leaf content in both years of experiments. Although in first year of experiment, effects of treatments didn't showed significant effects on yield, quantitative and qualitative characteristics of pistachio, but results in second year of experiment revealed that pistachio ounce, pistachio shell indehiscence improved and blank pistachio decreased by treatments. In both years of experiment treating of pistachio trees by applying of Khazra iron fertilizer increased pistachio calcium content, iron content, nitrogen content, protein content and soluble sugar, but effects of treatments wasn't significant on pistachio fat content.