آت اکولوژی گونه مرتعی ‭Convolvulus oxyphyllus ‬در استان خوزستان

Regarding to mismanagement of rangelands in the country and also in the Khuzestan province, because of hyperutilization, many rangelands (sites) has been destroyed, and production and regeneration of these species has been reduced. Up to now many information of rangelands has destroyed (quantity and quality). In this research for acquiring on rangelands management knowlege, by emphasis to material and methods according to description for rangeland species had provided, Convolvulus oxyphyllus was investigated, to could regeneration vevival of ruined rangelands, so that several factors such as botany, providing map and characteristics of habitat of species, Phenology, root system, regeneration, forage yield, analysis and assessment of habitat. Inculuding messuring canopy cover, density, frequency and seeds and agronomy of species were investigated. Also forage value and grazing behavior. This habitat of species were in the middle part of province and exactly according tortormation of geology of bakhtiary (BK), sub resent conglomera or old trace (SRC) and wind allovial (sand hill) from quaternary formation (Q) and aghajary formation, Lahbery member (Lbm) and Gachsaran (GS), in 20-540 meters and sometimes rarely until 600 meters (lonely shrubs). These regions coincides to map of vital-climatic warm steppe and semiwarm steppe of Khuzestan. The percent of canopy cover of this species was 1.1-2.3% and it's frequency 53.33-60% and density was 1.2-1.8 in dividual in a quadrat (2m2اm) .The mean of yield of forage in each individual was 35.5- 85.7 grams (dry). This shrub species was 25-55cm, height and in most of the province was seen more than 60cm. In the indicate site percent of total canopy cover it was estimated 9.8-25.1% in the same sites percent of stone and gravel 0-49%, Litther 1.2-2.53% of bare soil 34.6- 72.4% and percent of protected soil sites was 27.6-65.4% . Study of Phenology revealed that beginning of growth from late-January and stagnation period after falling of seeds or after all of the vital cycles and in the southern of the sites of species from early- August and in the north of the sites happens from Early-September. In the other hand this species in the all of the seasons (end of the summer, Autumn and part of the winter) is the stagnation. Regenerated is by seed and in the protected rangeland, it's vevival was very well. The suitable time for gathering the of this species 2.785-4.155 grams. The percent of purity was 75-90% and the percent of germination was 16.7 50% plant in the style of contour furrow and planting in the depth of less than 2cms (0.5-1.5cm) in two styles in the base of furrow and mound carried out successfully and in the mound was better. Convolvulus oxyphyllus is one of the suitable forages and grazes by every kind of livestocks, specially from and of summer and begening of the autumn. The result revealed that of climatic and edaphic show that this herba perennial species have a good resistant in dry period and little rain, also in poor soil quality and quantity. By collecting the seeds for several month, regeneration of seeds will increasing after one year or several month. Variation of climatic and edaphic and experiences revealed that besides increasing by the seeds with management styles and rangemanagement project specially grazing systems and rate of correct stocking rate and closed natural area could increase this species.

کلیدواژه ها:

تک بوم شناسی ، گونه مرتعی ‭convolvulus oxyphyllus ، ‬خوزستان ، پیچک برگ تیز ، عملکرد علوفه ، تاج پوشه ، لاشبرگ گیاهی ، پدیده شناسی ، استپی گرم ، نیمه استپی گرم