Pain Control In Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Narrative Review Study On The Role Of Anesthetics

Introduction: Prevention and control of pain after orthopedic surgery is of great importance to achieve appropriate outcomes after surgery. However, the right medication that is being chosen for this should have few side effects for patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate pain control in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery as a review study on the role of anesthetics. Methods: The present study was a narrative review study. In this study, to find related studies, the researchers performed in SID, Magiran, and Google Scholar databases with Persian keywords including “orthopedics”, “lower extremity, “pain”, and “upper extremity”. Inclusion criteria for the present study were Persian articles that dealt with pain in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery (lower and upper), as well as original research articles of clinical trial design. Results: Our review showed that different studies used various drugs to control pain in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. Postoperative pain in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery has been the subject of numerous studies with clinical trial design. Interventions in this regard include the use of intrathecal or intravenous injection of drugs such as magnesium sulfate, morphine, ketamine, ketorolac, paracetamol, ibuprofen, pregabalin, gabapentin, tramadol; Methadone, Dexmedetomidine, fentanyl, sufentanil, piroxicam, memantine, and nitroglycerin. Conclusion: Several studies reviewed in our study claimed that interventions with different drugs can reduce pain in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. This suggests that the routine use of these drugs in these patients should be considered and that multiple drug options can be used to control pain in patients undergoing orthopedic surgery. However, the choice of these drugs is based on the patient's condition and the decision of the anesthesiologist. Future meta-analytic studies can determine the best possible intervention.

کلیدواژه ها:

Pain ، Orthopedics ، Lower Extremity ، Upper Extremity.