Plasma Vitamin D level in Patients with SARS-CoV-۲ Infection: Does it Correlates With the Increased Risk of Infection?

Background: COVID-۱۹ is a widespread viral disease that has severely affected our world. Although beneficial effects of vitamin D on immune system are well known, there are ongoing discussions about its role in patients suffering from SARS-CoV-۲ infection. In this study, we examined the relationship between risk of COVID-۱۹ infection and plasma vitamin D level.Methods: This case-control study was conducted on ۱۳۳ participants in Kerman city, Iran. SARS-CoV-۲ infection was confirmed by positive RT-Real time PCR test in ۶۹ cases and another ۶۴ participants were considered as - non-infected - control group. Plasma vitamin D levels were measured among all, and compared.Results: Sub-normal plasma vitamin D level were reported in about ۵۱% of participants; however, there was no significant difference in the mean plasma vitamin D levels between COVID-۱۹ and control groups. Mean plasma levels of vitamin D were significantly higher in females than males (P-value: ۰.۰۱۷).Conclusion: According to our results, risk of COVID-۱۹ infection does not correlate with plasma level of vitamin D.

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Keywords: COVID-۱۹ ، Disease Severity ، Pneumonia ، SARS-CoV-۲ ، Vitamin D Deficiency