The Impact of Human Mammary Tumor Virus (HMTV) on the Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) and Death–Domain Associated Protein (DAXX) in Breast Carcinoma Tissues

The presence and characteristics of HMTV in Iraqi breast cancer women are still unknown. Furthermore, the identification of HMTV in human breast carcinoma tissue of patients differs by country, and the factors that influence it are still unknown. In many epithelial tumor types, the EGFR and its signaling pathways outcomes are necessary for the behavior of cells and regulating their proliferation, and it has been discovered that DAXX has strong carcinogenic characteristics and could be a new treatment target. This case-control retrospective study investigated the presence of HMTV in paraffin-embedded blocks (FFPT) of tumor samples from ۶۰ Iraqi women patients diagnosed with primary breast cancer and ۲۰ cases of benign tumors as a control group. HMTV env sequences were identified by Real-time PCR. EGFR and DAXX expression were immun۰-detected by the immuno-histochemistry technique. HMTV sequences were detected in ۱۵ (۲۵%) samples of malignant breast tumors and ۸ (۴۰%) samples of benign breast tumors. There was no statistically significant association between the detection of env sequences of HMTV and age, grade, hormone receptors, EGFR, or DAXX expression compared to clinicopathological characteristics. However, statistically, the data showed a highly significant difference in the Expression of EGFR between study groups, age, and histological types (P=۰.۰۰۰۱), and a significant negative association was observed between EGFR and both Her۲ and TNBC. There was a statistically significant difference between DAXX (+) and DAXX (−) in study groups (P=۰.۰۰۲), and it was significantly associated with age and histological types of breast cancer (P=۰.۰۳۱ and ۰.۰۰۷, respectively). No significant association was found between DAXX and EGFR, grade, Her۲. TNBC of breast cancer. The current study found HMTV env sequences in breast tumors of Iraqi women, suggesting that a larger sample size is needed to illustrate the potential causative role of HMTV in the development of human breast malignancy. Moreover, a negative association was found between HMTV and DAXX and EGFR Expression.

کلیدواژه ها:

Breast cancer ، HMTV ، EGFR ، DAXX