Energy Management System of Electric Vehicle Using PID-ICA Controller Based on Two Input Bidirectional Converter

Today, environmental concerns are the greatest challenge in the world and electric vehicles (EVs) seem to be one of the suitable solution to this problem. This kind of vehicle is equipped with an energy management system (EMS) which is usually composed of a set of batteries, supercapacitors (SCs) or both of them. This system also suffers from several problems including excessive warming, low energy saving capacity and low efficiency; hence, development of EVs has been influenced by costs caused by such problems. Aiming at reducing wastes of EMS, increasing efficiency and also integrating the system's output current, this paper proposed a novel controller for two input DC-DC bidirectional converter, as an interface among battery, SC and electric motor. Both reservoirs (battery and SC) are controlled directly through a proportional integral derivative (PID) controller based on imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). For modeling the equations governing the system, state-space average modeling technique was used. To analyze the results, the converter equipped with the proposed controller, was modeled in MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. Simulation results demonstrate that the efficiency of the proposed PID-ICA strategy is higher than that pure PID controller.

کلیدواژه ها:

Bidirectional converter ، Electric vehicles (EVs) ، Energy management system (EMS) ، Supercapacitors (SCs)